Imagine you are a popular content creator on PixelFed, many followers, but many stalkers also. You don’t want people to know where you live. One day you post a picture of the sun out of your window. Exact time is attached in metadata. Assuming GPS metadata is stripped, can someone, using inclination of the sun to the horizon, Nautical Almanac and some math calculate your latitude and/or longitude, and to what precision? Assuming also meteorological data archives on cloudiness, etc.
At any given moment there’s a full circle of points on the surface of the earth at which the sun has the same given zenith angle. So without any other information, the best you could do is narrow it down to some point on such a circle (and that’s provided you can figure out the difference between the apparent and true horizon, the effects of potential lens distortion, etc.).
The usual issues of longitude and latitude don’t come into play, since those were historically based on a combination of not knowing the precise time, but being able to establish exact latitude based on observing the stars (instead of the sun). In this case you do know the exact time, but you have no independent way to determine latitude.
But then come in the geoguessers and based on other clues will figure out the exact location, probably within few minutes.
A correct guess often isn’t based on a single clue, but on using multiple clues to narrow the possibilities down in different ways. So every potential clue matters and should be considered, instead of assuming it’s irrelevant because there are other clues present as well.