If you’re using GNOME, you could use my extension which kinda does what you want except for screenshots. Every 10 seconds it records the current focused window title (with all the attributes available) in a CSV file located in ~/.local/share/activitytracket/log. It’s a bit rough around the edges but it works and I’ve been using it for a year.

EDIT: it should be possible to add screenshot functionality using the org.gnome.Shell.Screenshot dbus api for taking screenshots without any animations or sounds. It should not be that difficult to add to my extension

They got merged a few hours ago

Sure but how often do you need to actually change your machine?

deleted by creator

Try using just Termux. You can actually do a lot with it, even without installing a distro. If you want Debian though, one approach would be through proot-distro which installs a traditional distro in the Termux environment. It has some limitations, check the wiki page.

There’s also Sharedown if you want a GUI