Ah, I misunderstood your question. Yeah, most of the overall energy goes into heat for sure. Since the accelerator is using massive particles in its collision, it’s probably not right to say that energy is being transformed into mass: the total mass of the system is conserved, and you’re just “whacking” an antiproton off the iridium nucleus via inelastic scattering. You could get that kind of transfer if the colliding particle were massless (like a photon), which happens with cosmic rays sometimes. It’s harder to control in a number of different respects though, and you’re not guaranteed to get the kind of anti-particle you want. By using a proton, we can guarantee we get the flavor we want, since all the quantum numbers are also conserved.

If you mean does it cost energy to produce it, then yes an incredible amount. The only way we have of making it is to smash particles together in an accelerator at enormous speeds. The LHC at CERN uses protons and, for this kind of experiment, probably some kind of dense metallic atom like iridium (though I don’t know off the top of my head). That takes a truly incredible amount of power to run–something like half the power consumption of a small city. That energy doesn’t disappear of course: some of it goes into the beam, but most of it goes into operating the magnets used in acceleration. The actual creation of the particle anti-particle pair conserves energy just like everything else.

Generally yes, they’re always produced in pairs (which is why it’s so hard to get them to stick around, as they tend to more-or-less instantly annihilate each other). There are some exotic exceptions to this mostly involving neutrinos that we don’t fully understand yet, but this kind of an experiment will generally get you a particle/anti-particle pair. When you depict the process with a Feynman diagram, the symmetry is really evident, which is part of why they’re such great representational tools for this kind of interaction.

To do this the model necessarily needs a deep and true understanding of the world as it is.

Incredible

Man, a First Law adaptation would slap if done well.

I definitely wouldn’t consider Graham Lineham a TERF. He’s just a misogynist ghoul who also hates trans people.

Definitely a sign that the war is already won.

It would be so fucking funny if Amerael attacking Iran was the small domino that eventually resulted in the collapse of the global fossil fuel industry.

The trailer looks more anti-AI to me. It also looks like pretty bonkers fun.

Markwayne Mullin

Oklahoma

Yep.

The well-laid ambush:

Mr. Elysium is helping me build my game

Madani said the world’s “checking account” – surface water like rivers, lakes, and seasonal runoff – is basically being emptied.

He added that the “savings” humans inherited – groundwater, glaciers, and other long-term stores – are being drained.

The growing number of visible crises around the world, including mounting water shortages, he said, look like classic warning signs of bankruptcy.

Truly, it is easier to imagine the end of the world than to imagine the end of…you know, the thing.

On his birthday

I think there’s very little reason to read Hegel unless you’re a scholar. It will not help you understand anything. He’s a notoriously obtuse writer.

My company that spends billions of dollars to set billions of dollars on fire is in danger of running out of dollars. Please someone who understands money help me (and also give me billions of dollars).

Truly inspiring what a person can accomplish with only a dream and also a few million dollars to blow.

Like carcinization causing all animals to eventually evolve into crab, Israelization causes all US-backed “bastions of democracy” to eventually evolve into cum-stealing IOF troops.