I have been trying to use (#debian) #linux with separate partitions for /home and couple of others. However, I have been facing the problem of /var becoming full and thus blocking further updates and installations. Most of the time deleting /var/log/auth.log would help but now I have messed up and can’t startup lightdm and using it from another tty. Can you guys share some tips and tricks as to avoiding this problem? I know keeping everything in one partition is one such trick. Anything else? #linux #foss #gnu #free_software #libre_software #disk #operatingsystems
Why do you try to have different partitions for everything? Like what is your goal here? If you insist on separating /home and /, you could look into btrfs and subvolumes. You could have a single btrfs partition but with different subvolumes with names like @ROOT and @HOME which you then mount to / and /home.
I don’t know I just did one of the options that was available during the Debian installation Thanks for the effort but sadly I don’t understand things like btrfs and subvolumes I shall look into them Do you have any resources you can recommend?
It sounds like you are relatively new to linux. In that case I would really recommend just using one partition for everything and be done with it. There should be an option for this in the Debian installer. It will make your life so much easier.
For everything linux related, the Arch Linux Wiki is the most comprehensive resource. For btrfs it would be this page for example, but I fear that this won’t help you much, because you are so new to everything.
If you really want to get to know the workings of a standard linux distribution and feel like you are in control of things, I can recommend trying to install Arch Linux. This is a good starting point for better understanding a linux system and getting to know the command line.
If I were in your situation I’d boot the computer from a live usb - Same procedure as when installing but selecting “Try” instead of “Install”. Then I’d back up all important data. And start from scratch.
Full reinstall with defaults. Including reformatting and having everything on one partition. Good luck!
+1 to the other replies here recommending starting over with a single partition.
However, if you want to apply some duct tape to fix your immediate problem without reinstalling, to point a filesystem location (path) from a full partition at a location on another partition which has available space, two options you have are symbolic links or bind mounts. The former is conceptually a little bit simpler, but it won’t satisfy some applications. The latter is a bit more complicated, but the unix stack exchange answer i just linked to has a good explanation of the ins and outs (but on Linux you should ignore the parts of that answer about
bindfsandnullfsand just follow the instructions underLinux bind mount). And if you want a bind mount to persist after a reboot, be sure to follow the instructions there about adding it to your/etc/fstabfile.Resizing system partitions without having to reinstall is a good way to learn more about Linux and how it handles it’sfilesystems
- Make the var partition bigger (how big is it?)
- use systemd and set a max size of the log files
- use logrotate to set a max size
- if auth.log is too big then it’s probably a server so you might want to log to a syslog server instead of storing it on the system
- or you set the SSH port to something different to reduce noise
- or you disable logging for nonexistent users
- or you set up fail2ban to stop bruteforce
- or you set the SSH daemon spawn settings so it doesn’t allow brute forcing
- …
there’s basically endless solutions for this problem based on the actual source of the issue. What’s the reason for you needing to delete the auth.log?
Having a separate partition is a good idea and funny enough it can help you in this issue. If you try to reinstall the system, you can format the other partitions and leave /home untouched, so you will have a fresh system but keeping all your personal data as it is; that’s the main benefit of having multiple partitions.
Next time, you should just make /var bigger according to your own experience. Other people only have 2 partitions: / as a 20-40 GB one (or bigger, this is according your needs) and the rest of your HDD/SDD for /home. Another tip is that when you’re re-installing the system, use a new nickname, otherwise the new system will try to use all the old config files in your old account, and finally, if there’s very important stuff in /home, definitely make an outside backup, there’s always the chance of misreading something or ticking the wrong box.
This doesn’t solve your present problem but maybe it helps to avoid it in the future.
Instead of physical volumes, you could use thin provisioned logical volumes. LVM is the word here. These would allow you to maintain volume division without fixing the sizes rigidly.
Another way to do this would be to use a BTRFS filesystem, and it’s subvolumes as ‘real volumes’. The semantics would be the same.
Boot into a livedisk and transfer some space from a bigger partition to var. I had the same problem tbh, and iirc I just chose to go with /home and everything else as 2 separate partitions, didn’t see the value of having /, /usr, and /var as 3 different ones (plus fstab has caused me some issues whenever one of my disks is slower to come online than the primary, so I just figure the less partitions the better)
